{"id":332,"date":"2019-04-07T18:06:53","date_gmt":"2019-04-07T18:06:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/naturepub\/?p=332"},"modified":"2019-04-07T18:06:55","modified_gmt":"2019-04-07T18:06:55","slug":"immunomodulatory-effect-of-artichoke-cynara-scolymus-on-carbon-tetrachloride-induced-immunosuppression-in-rats","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/2019\/04\/07\/immunomodulatory-effect-of-artichoke-cynara-scolymus-on-carbon-tetrachloride-induced-immunosuppression-in-rats\/","title":{"rendered":"Immunomodulatory Effect of Artichoke ( Cynara scolymus ) on Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Immunosuppression in Rats"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>ABSTRACT <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The present study aimed to evaluate the immunostimulant effects of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced immunotoxicity in rats. Seventy rats  were divided into 7 groups. Group I: served as control . Group II and Group III: treated orally with  olive oil and CCl4  at a dose 1ml\/kg body weight (BW) twice weekly for 4 weeks respectively. Groups IV &amp; V: orally  treated with 100 &amp; 200 mg\/kg BW\/day of artichoke powder  respectively. Groups VI &amp; VII: treated orally with artichoke powder 100 &amp; 200 mg\/kg BW\/day respectively plus CCl4 1 ml\/kg body weight (BW) twice a week  for 4 weeks.  Total and differential leukocyte counts, respiratory burst activity, phagocytes and  bactericidal activities, in addition to lysozyme serum level were measured at the end of the experiment. Also serum level of cytokines, interlukine (IL) IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-\u03b1  were estimated. Results showed that CCl4 significantly decreased  total leukocyte count (TLC), lymphocyte count, respiratory burst and phagocytes activities, in addition of, IL-10 and  IL-12 while neutrophils count, TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 were increased. Treatment with  Artichoke alone significantly increased total leukocyte, and lymphocyte counts as well as phagocytes activities, IL-10 and  IL-12 while TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 levels were decreased. Artichoke has significantly improved total and differential leukocytes count, bactericidal activity and serum lysozyme, also reduced  elevation of TNF-\u03b1 and IL-6 in CCl4 treated groups. Overall results proved that, artichoke powder has the prospect to counter measure the immunosuppressive  effect  induced  by CCl4 toxicity. <strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Artichoke, Carbon tetrachloride, Cytokines,  Immunomodulatory rat. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the immunostimulant effects of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced immunotoxicity in rats. Seventy rats were divided into 7 groups. Group I: served as control . Group II and Group III: treated orally with olive oil and CCl4 at a dose 1ml\/kg body weight (BW) twice weekly for 4 weeks respectively. Groups IV &amp; V: orally&hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-issue-two","category-volume-one","clearfix"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/332","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=332"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/332\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":334,"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/332\/revisions\/334"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/naturepub.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}